These two facts make dipole relaxation heavily dependent on temperature, pressure and chemical surrounding.
2.
In a dielectric, one of the conduction electrons or the dipole relaxation typically dominates loss in a particular dielectric and manufacturing method.
3.
The ESR is a derived quantity representing the loss due to both the dielectric's conduction electrons and the bound dipole relaxation phenomena mentioned above.
4.
Dielectric relaxation as a whole is the result of the movement of dipoles ( dipole relaxation ) and electric charges ( ionic relaxation ) due to an applied alternating field, and is usually observed in the frequency range 10 2-10 10 Hz.
5.
Where " ?2 2 " is the imaginary component of permittivity attributed to " bound " charge and dipole relaxation phenomena, which gives rise to energy loss that is indistinguishable from the loss due to the " free " charge conduction that is quantified by " ? ".
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